ADJUSTABLE RATE MORTGAGES VS. FIXED RATE MORTGAGES: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

In the world of mortgages, there are two primary options that borrowers often consider: adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) and fixed-rate mortgages (FRMs). If you’re in the market for a new home or considering refinancing your existing mortgage, understanding the differences between these two popular loan options is crucial.

In this blog, we’ll explore the features, benefits, and potential drawbacks of both adjustable-rate and fixed-rate mortgages, helping you make an informed decision that aligns with your financial goals and preferences.

ADJUSTABLE (ARMS): HOW DO THEY WORK?

An adjustable-rate mortgage is a home loan with an interest rate that can change over time. Typically, the initial interest rate on an ARM is lower than that of a fixed-rate mortgage, making it an attractive option for borrowers who plan to sell or refinance their home within a few years.

An ARM works because the interest rate is fixed (doesn’t change) for an initial period, commonly ranging from one to ten years. After this initial period, the interest rate adjusts periodically based on a specified index, such as the prime rate or the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), plus a margin determined by the lender. This means that your monthly mortgage payment can increase or decrease depending on changes in the index.

ARE ADJUSTABLE MORTGAGE RATES A GOOD IDEA?

Whether an adjustable-rate mortgage is a good idea depends on your circumstances and risk tolerance. ARMs can be great for borrowers who expect their income to increase or plan to sell the property before the initial fixed-rate period ends.

However, they also carry the risk of rising interest rates, which could lead to higher monthly payments in the future.

PROS OF ADJUSTABLE-RATE MORTGAGES

Adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) have several potential benefits, depending on your financial situation and goals:

Lower Initial Interest Rate: ARMs typically offer lower initial interest rates compared to fixed-rate mortgages. This can result in lower initial monthly payments.
Potential for Lower Payments: Because the interest rate on an ARM can adjust periodically based on market conditions, your interest rate and monthly payments could decrease over time, especially if prevailing interest rates fall.
Flexibility: ARMs often come with initial fixed-rate periods (ex: 5, 7, or 10 years), during which your interest rate remains constant. After this initial period, the rate adjusts periodically. This initial fixed-rate period provides some stability while still offering the potential benefits of an adjustable rate.
Potential to Save Money: If you don’t plan to stay in the home for a long time, an ARM could save you money compared to a fixed-rate mortgage, as you may not experience the higher interest rates that could apply later in the loan term.

CONS OF AN ADJUSTABLE-RATE MORTGAGE

One of the main disadvantages of an adjustable-rate mortgage is the uncertainty it introduces to your monthly housing expenses. If interest rates rise significantly, your monthly payments could become unaffordable. Additionally, some ARMs come with complex terms and conditions, including interest rate caps and adjustment intervals, making it difficult for borrowers to predict future payments.

FIXED MORTGAGE RATE (FRM): HOW DO THEY WORK?

On the other hand, a fixed-rate mortgage (FRM) offers stability and predictability. With a fixed-rate mortgage, the interest rate remains constant for the entire term of the loan, typically 15, 20, or 30 years. This means your monthly mortgage payment will stay the same, making budgeting easier and providing peace of mind, regardless of fluctuations in the economy.

ARE FIXED-RATE MORTGAGES A GOOD IDEA?

Fixed-rate mortgages are generally a good option for borrowers who prioritize stability and long-term financial planning. They are particularly suitable for those who plan to stay in their home for an extended period or want to lock in a low-interest rate while rates are favorable.

PROS OF A FIXED-RATE MORTGAGE

Fixed-rate mortgages offer several benefits that make them attractive to many borrowers:

Predictable Monthly Payments: With a fixed-rate mortgage, your interest rate remains constant for the entire loan term. This predictability allows you to budget more effectively since your monthly principal and interest payments will remain the same throughout the life of the loan.
Protection Against Interest Rate Increases: Unlike adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), where the interest rate can fluctuate over time, a fixed-rate mortgage protects rising interest rates.
Long-Term Stability: Fixed-rate mortgages are well-suited for borrowers who plan to stay in their homes for an extended period. Since your interest rate remains constant, you won’t have to worry about your payments increasing unexpectedly.
Potential Savings in the Long Run: While fixed-rate mortgages may have slightly higher initial interest rates compared to ARMs, they can save you money over the long term if interest rates rise significantly during the life of the loan. Locking in a low fixed rate now can provide financial benefits, especially if interest rates increase in the future.

CONS OF A FIXED-RATE MORTGAGE

While fixed-rate mortgages offer stability, they may come with slightly higher initial interest rates compared to adjustable-rate mortgages. Additionally, if interest rates decrease after you’ve locked in your rate, you won’t benefit from lower payments unless you refinance your mortgage, which can involve closing costs and paperwork.

FINDING THE RIGHT MORTGAGE FOR YOU

When choosing between an adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) and a fixed-rate mortgage (FRM), it’s essential to consider your financial situation, risk tolerance, and long-term goals.

If you prioritize stability and predictability in your monthly payments, a fixed-rate mortgage may be the best option for you. With an FRM, your interest rate remains constant throughout the life of the loan.

On the other hand, if you’re comfortable with some level of uncertainty and seek lower initial payments or the potential to take advantage of falling interest rates, an adjustable-rate mortgage could be a suitable choice. ARMs typically offer lower initial interest rates during an introductory fixed-rate period, followed by periodic adjustments based on market conditions. However, it’s crucial to carefully consider the potential risks associated with ARMs, such as payment increases when interest rates rise. Ultimately, the right mortgage for you will depend on your goals and preferences, so take the time to weigh the pros and cons of each option before making a decision. If you need assistance figuring out mortgage options, reach out to your local bank or credit union. Marine Credit Union is here to help our community with their financial needs. If you would like assistance talking about mortgage options, don’t hesitate to contact us today!

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